
``trace`` --- Trace or track Python statement execution
*******************************************************

The ``trace`` module allows you to trace program execution, generate
annotated statement coverage listings, print caller/callee
relationships and list functions executed during a program run.  It
can be used in another program or from the command line.


Command Line Usage
==================

The ``trace`` module can be invoked from the command line.  It can be
as simple as

   python -m trace --count somefile.py ...

The above will generate annotated listings of all Python modules
imported during the execution of ``somefile.py``.

The following command-line arguments are supported:

*--trace*, *-t*
   Display lines as they are executed.

*--count*, *-c*
   Produce a set of  annotated listing files upon program completion
   that shows how many times each statement was executed.

*--report*, *-r*
   Produce an annotated list from an earlier program run that used the
   *--count* and *--file* arguments.

*--no-report*, *-R*
   Do not generate annotated listings.  This is useful if you intend
   to make several runs with *--count* then produce a single set of
   annotated listings at the end.

*--listfuncs*, *-l*
   List the functions executed by running the program.

*--trackcalls*, *-T*
   Generate calling relationships exposed by running the program.

*--file*, *-f*
   Name a file containing (or to contain) counts.

*--coverdir*, *-C*
   Name a directory in which to save annotated listing files.

*--missing*, *-m*
   When generating annotated listings, mark lines which were not
   executed with '``>>>>>>``'.

*--summary*, *-s*
   When using *--count* or *--report*, write a brief summary to stdout
   for each file processed.

*--ignore-module*
   Accepts comma separated list of module names. Ignore each of the
   named module and its submodules (if it is a package).  May be given
   multiple times.

*--ignore-dir*
   Ignore all modules and packages in the named directory and
   subdirectories (multiple directories can be joined by os.pathsep).
   May be given multiple times.


Programming Interface
=====================

class class trace.Trace(count=1, trace=1, countfuncs=0, countcallers=0, ignoremods=(), ignoredirs=(), infile=None, outfile=None, timing=False)

   Create an object to trace execution of a single statement or
   expression. All parameters are optional.  *count* enables counting
   of line numbers. *trace* enables line execution tracing.
   *countfuncs* enables listing of the functions called during the
   run.  *countcallers* enables call relationship tracking.
   *ignoremods* is a list of modules or packages to ignore.
   *ignoredirs* is a list of directories whose modules or packages
   should be ignored.  *infile* is the file from which to read stored
   count information.  *outfile* is a file in which to write updated
   count information. *timing* enables a timestamp relative to when
   tracing was started to be displayed.

Trace.run(cmd)

   Run *cmd* under control of the Trace object with the current
   tracing parameters.

Trace.runctx(cmd, globals=None, locals=None)

   Run *cmd* under control of the Trace object with the current
   tracing parameters in the defined global and local environments.
   If not defined, *globals* and *locals* default to empty
   dictionaries.

Trace.runfunc(func, *args, **kwds)

   Call *func* with the given arguments under control of the ``Trace``
   object with the current tracing parameters.

This is a simple example showing the use of this module:

   import sys
   import trace

   # create a Trace object, telling it what to ignore, and whether to
   # do tracing or line-counting or both.
   tracer = trace.Trace(
       ignoredirs=[sys.prefix, sys.exec_prefix],
       trace=0,
       count=1)

   # run the new command using the given tracer
   tracer.run('main()')

   # make a report, placing output in /tmp
   r = tracer.results()
   r.write_results(show_missing=True, coverdir="/tmp")
