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# String Services

The modules described in this chapter provide a wide range of string manipulation operations.

In addition, Python’s built-in string classes support the sequence type methods described in the Sequence Types — str, unicode, list, tuple, buffer, xrange section, and also the string-specific methods described in the String Methods section. To output formatted strings use template strings or the `%` operator described in the String Formatting Operations section. Also, see the `re` module for string functions based on regular expressions.

- `string` — Common string operations
  - String constants
  - String Formatting
  - Format String Syntax
    - Format Specification Mini-Language
  - Template strings
  - String functions
  - Deprecated string functions

- `re` — Regular expression operations
  - Regular Expression Syntax
  - Matching vs Searching
  - Module Contents
  - Regular Expression Objects
  - Match Objects
  - Examples
    - Checking For a Pair
    - Simulating scanf()
    - Avoiding recursion
    - search() vs. match()
    - Making a Phonebook
    - Text Munging
    - Finding all Adverbs
    - Finding all Adverbs and their Positions
    - Raw String Notation

- `struct` — Interpret strings as packed binary data
  - Struct Objects

- `difflib` — Helpers for computing deltas
  - SequenceMatcher Objects
  - SequenceMatcher Examples
  - Differ Objects
  - Differ Example
  - A command-line interface to difflib

- `StringIO` — Read and write strings as files
- `cStringIO` — Faster version of `StringIO`

- `textwrap` — Text wrapping and filling

- `codecs` — Codec registry and base classes
  - Codec Base Classes
    - Codec Objects
    - IncrementalEncoder Objects
    - IncrementalDecoder Objects
    - StreamWriter Objects
    - StreamReader Objects
    - StreamReaderWriter Objects
    - StreamRecoder Objects
  - Encodings and Unicode
  - Standard Encodings
  - `encodings.idna` — Internationalized Domain Names in Applications
  - `encodings.utf_8_sig` — UTF-8 codec with BOM signature

- `unicodedata` — Unicode Database

- `stringprep` — Internet String Preparation

- `fpformat` — Floating point conversions

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